Claimed Benefits What Usually Happens in Reality Better Supported Alternatives
Gentle daily exfoliation May disrupt pH and cause micro-abrasions that lead to irritation Lactic acid or pH-appropriate polyhydroxy acids
Clears acne and blackheads May dry out surface oil, but generally worsens the skin barrier and inflammation Salicylic acid or benzoyl peroxide (over-the-counter)
Brightens and evens skin tone Limited evidence; irritation may trigger post-inflammatory signs Niacinamide, vitamin C derivatives, azelaic acid
Reduces oil and shine Possible temporary absorption, but oil usually returns Niacinamide and clay masks should be used sparingly Soothes minor irritations Alkaline nature may cause burning or inflammation in sensitive skin Colloidal oatmeal, gotu kola, aloe vera
In Reality, Although
1 2
